{"id":35806,"date":"2025-09-30T12:34:18","date_gmt":"2025-09-30T11:34:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/?page_id=35806"},"modified":"2026-01-30T15:51:16","modified_gmt":"2026-01-30T14:51:16","slug":"chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/cs\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/","title":{"rendered":"Chemick\u00e9 pozad\u00ed cukr\u016f C3 a C4"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"page-header-835982481\" class=\"page-header-wrapper\">\n  <div class=\"page-title dark divided-title\">\n\n        <div class=\"page-title-bg\">\n      <div class=\"title-bg fill bg-fill\"\n        data-parallax-container=\".page-title\"\n        data-parallax-background\n data-parallax=\"-\">\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"title-overlay fill\"><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"page-title-inner container align-center flex-row medium-flex-wrap\" >\n              <div class=\"title-wrapper is-large flex-col text-left medium-text-center\">\n          <h1 class=\"entry-title mb-0\">\n            Podvody s medem - cukry C3 a C4 p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed pravosti          <\/h1>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"title-content flex-col flex-right text-right medium-text-center\">\n        <div class=\"title-breadcrumbs pb-half pt-half\"><nav class=\"woocommerce-breadcrumb breadcrumbs\" aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\">Dom\u016f<\/nav><\/div>      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n     \n<style>\n#page-header-835982481 .title-bg {\n  background-image: url(https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/mnz-header-2.jpg);\n}\n<\/style>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"container header-wrapper-divider\"><hr\/><\/div>  <\/div>\n  \n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-1055793779\">\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1564165176\" class=\"col small-12 large-12\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n<p>Podvody s medem, kdy jsou medov\u00e9 produkty fal\u0161ov\u00e1ny nebo nespr\u00e1vn\u011b ozna\u010dov\u00e1ny, jsou celosv\u011btov\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem. M\u00e1 ekonomick\u00e9 d\u016fsledky a potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed rizika pro kvalitu potravin. Spolehliv\u00e9 metody ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed pravosti jsou proto z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bry spot\u0159ebitel\u016f a ochranu poctiv\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch praktik.<\/p>\n<p>Anal\u00fdza cukr\u016f C3 a C4 je v tomto ohledu d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem. Tyto cukry jsou p\u0159\u00edmo spojeny s cestou fotosynt\u00e9zy rostliny, ze kter\u00e9 poch\u00e1zej\u00ed. Anal\u00fdzou jejich pom\u011bru a izotopov\u00e9ho slo\u017een\u00ed lze nejen zjistit podvody (p\u0159\u00eddavek cukern\u00fdch sirup\u016f), ale tak\u00e9 z\u00edskat informace o <em>botanick\u00fd a zem\u011bpisn\u00fd p\u016fvod<\/em> medu.<\/p>\n<h2>Co jsou cukry C3 a C4?<\/h2>\n<p>Rostliny pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby fotosynt\u00e9zy k p\u0159em\u011bn\u011b oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho na cukry:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rostliny C3 (nap\u0159. cukrov\u00e1 \u0159epa, r\u00fd\u017ee, p\u0161enice, je\u010dmen) produkuj\u00ed cukry s charakteristick\u00fdm izotopov\u00fdm profilem.<\/li>\n<li>Rostliny C4 (nap\u0159. cukrov\u00e1 t\u0159tina a kuku\u0159ice) se \u0159\u00edd\u00ed jinou cestou fotosynt\u00e9zy, kde prvn\u00ed stabiln\u00ed slou\u010denina obsahuje \u010dty\u0159i atomy uhl\u00edku. Jejich cukry se izotopicky li\u0161\u00ed od cukr\u016f rostlin C3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"6\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Charakteristika<\/th>\n<th>Cukry C3<\/th>\n<th>Cukry C4<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Zdrojov\u00e9 rostliny<\/td>\n<td>Cukrov\u00e1 \u0159epa, r\u00fd\u017ee, p\u0161enice, je\u010dmen<\/td>\n<td>Cukrov\u00e1 t\u0159tina, kuku\u0159ice<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Fotosynt\u00e9za<\/td>\n<td>C3 cesta (3 atomy uhl\u00edku)<\/td>\n<td>C4 cesta (4 atomy uhl\u00edku)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>B\u011b\u017en\u011b se vyskytuj\u00edc\u00ed cizorod\u00e9 l\u00e1tky<\/td>\n<td>R\u00fd\u017eov\u00fd sirup, \u0159epn\u00fd sirup<\/td>\n<td>Kuku\u0159i\u010dn\u00fd sirup (HFCS), sirup z t\u0159tinov\u00e9ho cukru<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Slo\u017eitost detekce<\/td>\n<td>Obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a pokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00ed metody<\/td>\n<td>Relativn\u011b jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed a spolehliv\u00e1 standardn\u00ed metoda<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Zku\u0161ebn\u00ed metody pravosti<\/h2>\n<p>Tradi\u010dn\u00ed analytick\u00e9 metody jsou \u010dasto nedostate\u010dn\u011b citliv\u00e9 pro odhalen\u00ed podvod\u016f s medem. Proto se celosv\u011btov\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed specializovan\u00e9 techniky:<\/p>\n<h3>Cukry C4: Zkou\u0161ka pravosti podle AOAC 998.12 (EA-IRMS)<\/h3>\n<p>Mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b uzn\u00e1van\u00e1 metoda AOAC 998.12 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 <em>Anal\u00fdza prvk\u016f - hmotnostn\u00ed spektrometrie s izotopov\u00fdm pom\u011brem (EA-IRMS)<\/em>. Touto technikou se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed pom\u011br izotop\u016f uhl\u00edku (\u03b4<sup>13<\/sup>C) v medu a porovn\u00e1v\u00e1 ji s b\u00edlkovinnou frakc\u00ed. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem lze zjistit p\u0159\u00eddavky t\u0159tinov\u00e9ho nebo kuku\u0159i\u010dn\u00e9ho sirupu. Tato metoda se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 let, dok\u00e1\u017ee odhalit p\u0159\u00eddavky a\u017e do 1% a je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za zlat\u00fd standard pro detekci cukru C4.<\/p>\n<h3>C3 cukry: Screening autenticity pomoc\u00ed FoodQS LC-HRMS<\/h3>\n<p>C3 cukry je slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed detekovat, proto\u017ee jejich izotopov\u00fd profil je bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed izotopov\u00e9mu profilu p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edho medu. Spole\u010dnost FoodQS GmbH, exkluzivn\u00ed partner spole\u010dnosti MNZ, proto vyvinula pokro\u010dilou metodu zalo\u017eenou na <em>LC-HRMS (kapalinov\u00e1 chromatografie - hmotnostn\u00ed spektrometrie s vysok\u00fdm rozli\u0161en\u00edm)<\/em>. Tato metoda vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 rozs\u00e1hlou datab\u00e1zi sirup\u016f a vzork\u016f medu k p\u0159esn\u00e9mu rozli\u0161en\u00ed exogenn\u00edch (p\u0159idan\u00fdch) cukr\u016f C3 a p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch slo\u017eek medu.<\/p>\n<p>Syst\u00e9m dokonce dok\u00e1\u017ee rozli\u0161it mezi stopov\u00fdmi zbytky v\u010del\u00edho krmiva a v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm fal\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm a poskytuje nejen \"pozitivn\u00ed\/negativn\u00ed\" v\u00fdsledek, ale tak\u00e9 kvantitativn\u00ed odhad mno\u017estv\u00ed sirupu.<\/p>\n<h2>P\u0159\u00edstup spole\u010dnosti MNZ<\/h2>\n<p>Spole\u010dnost MNZ prov\u00e1d\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed cukr\u016f C3 a C4 ve sv\u00e9m manukov\u00e9m medu, a to jak na Nov\u00e9m Z\u00e9landu, tak v nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch laborato\u0159\u00edch v N\u011bmecku. Krom\u011b anal\u00fdzy cukr\u016f se zkoumaj\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed markery, v\u010detn\u011b pylov\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy, glyceraldehydu, dihydroxyacetonu (DHA) a mikrobi\u00e1ln\u00edch profil\u016f. D\u00edky tomuto \u0161irok\u00e9mu souboru anal\u00fdz m\u016f\u017ee spole\u010dnost MNZ s jistotou zaru\u010dit pravost a \u010distotu sv\u00e9ho medu.<\/p>\n<p>Toto \u00fasil\u00ed p\u0159esahuje r\u00e1mec samotn\u00e9ho laboratorn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed: MNZ spolupracuje s v\u011bdeck\u00fdmi odborn\u00edky, regula\u010dn\u00edmi org\u00e1ny a partnery, jako je FoodQS, aby neust\u00e1le zlep\u0161ovala metody. D\u00edky p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdm protokol\u016fm o z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zdroj\u016f a udr\u017eiteln\u00fdm v\u010dela\u0159sk\u00fdm postup\u016fm je zaji\u0161t\u011bna integrita dodavatelsk\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce.<\/p>\n<h2>Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n<p>Kombinace metodiky AOAC 998.12 pro cukry C4 a LC-HRMS pro cukry C3 tvo\u0159\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnou strategii pro odhalov\u00e1n\u00ed podvod\u016f s medem. D\u00edky t\u011bmto metod\u00e1m v kombinaci s dal\u0161\u00edmi kontrolami kvality m\u016f\u017ee spole\u010dnost MNZ zaru\u010dit pravost sv\u00e9ho jedine\u010dn\u00e9ho surov\u00e9ho manukov\u00e9ho medu a poskytnout spot\u0159ebitel\u016fm na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b \u010dist\u00fd a d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00fd produkt.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n<\/div>\n\t\n  \n    <div class=\"row large-columns-4 medium-columns-3 small-columns-2 row-small slider row-slider slider-nav-reveal slider-nav-push\"  data-flickity-options='{&quot;imagesLoaded&quot;: true, &quot;groupCells&quot;: &quot;100%&quot;, &quot;dragThreshold&quot; : 5, &quot;cellAlign&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,&quot;wrapAround&quot;: true,&quot;prevNextButtons&quot;: true,&quot;percentPosition&quot;: true,&quot;pageDots&quot;: false, &quot;rightToLeft&quot;: false, &quot;autoPlay&quot; : false}' >\n\n  \n\t     <div class=\"product-small col has-hover product type-product post-494 status-publish first instock product_cat-mnz-products has-post-thumbnail taxable shipping-taxable purchasable product-type-simple\">\n\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\n<div class=\"badge-container absolute left top z-1\">\n\n<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"product-small box\">\n\t\t<div class=\"box-image\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-none\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/cs\/product\/mgo-400-manuka-honey-250gr\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz400-250g-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Manuka med MGO 400+ 250gr.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz400-250g-1.webp 500w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz400-250g-1-100x100.webp 100w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz400-250g-1-400x400.webp 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small top right show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-icon\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"wishlist-button button is-outline circle icon\" aria-label=\"Seznam p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"icon-heart\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-popup dark\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div\n\tclass=\"yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist add-to-wishlist-494 yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist--link-style wishlist-fragment on-first-load\"\n\tdata-fragment-ref=\"494\"\n\tdata-fragment-options=\"{&quot;base_url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;product_id&quot;:494,&quot;parent_product_id&quot;:0,&quot;product_type&quot;:&quot;simple&quot;,&quot;is_single&quot;:false,&quot;in_default_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_view&quot;:false,&quot;browse_wishlist_text&quot;:&quot;Browse wishlist&quot;,&quot;already_in_wishslist_text&quot;:&quot;The product is already in your wishlist!&quot;,&quot;product_added_text&quot;:&quot;Product added!&quot;,&quot;available_multi_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;disable_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_count&quot;:false,&quot;ajax_loading&quot;:false,&quot;loop_position&quot;:&quot;after_add_to_cart&quot;,&quot;item&quot;:&quot;add_to_wishlist&quot;}\"\n>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small hide-for-small bottom left show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools grid-tools text-center hide-for-small bottom hover-slide-in show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"box-text box-text-products text-center grid-style-2\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper\"><p class=\"name product-title woocommerce-loop-product__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/cs\/product\/mgo-400-manuka-honey-250gr\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">Manuka med MGO 400+ 250gr.<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"price-wrapper\">\n\t<span class=\"price\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><bdi><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">\u20ac<\/span>47.50<\/bdi><\/span> <small class=\"woocommerce-price-suffix\">v\u010detn\u011b DPH<\/small><\/span>\n<\/div><div class=\"add-to-cart-button\"><a href=\"\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35806?add-to-cart=494\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_494\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"primary is-small mb-0 button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart is-outline\" data-product_id=\"494\" data-product_sku=\"MNZ005\" aria-label=\"P\u0159idat do ko\u0161\u00edku: \u201cManuka Honey MGO 400+ 250gr.\u201d\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201cManuka Honey MGO 400+ 250gr.\u201d byl p\u0159id\u00e1n do ko\u0161\u00edku\" role=\"button\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">P\u0159idat do ko\u0161\u00edku<\/a><\/div>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_494\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"product-small col has-hover product type-product post-34241 status-publish instock product_cat-mnz-products has-post-thumbnail taxable shipping-taxable purchasable product-type-simple\">\n\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\n<div class=\"badge-container absolute left top z-1\">\n\n<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"product-small 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p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"icon-heart\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-popup dark\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div\n\tclass=\"yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist add-to-wishlist-34241 yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist--link-style wishlist-fragment on-first-load\"\n\tdata-fragment-ref=\"34241\"\n\tdata-fragment-options=\"{&quot;base_url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;product_id&quot;:34241,&quot;parent_product_id&quot;:0,&quot;product_type&quot;:&quot;simple&quot;,&quot;is_single&quot;:false,&quot;in_default_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_view&quot;:false,&quot;browse_wishlist_text&quot;:&quot;Browse wishlist&quot;,&quot;already_in_wishslist_text&quot;:&quot;The product is already in your wishlist!&quot;,&quot;product_added_text&quot;:&quot;Product added!&quot;,&quot;available_multi_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;disable_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_count&quot;:false,&quot;ajax_loading&quot;:false,&quot;loop_position&quot;:&quot;after_add_to_cart&quot;,&quot;item&quot;:&quot;add_to_wishlist&quot;}\"\n>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small hide-for-small bottom left show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools grid-tools text-center hide-for-small bottom hover-slide-in show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"box-text box-text-products text-center grid-style-2\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper\"><p class=\"name product-title woocommerce-loop-product__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/cs\/product\/kanuka-balm\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">Kanuka balz\u00e1m 13gr.<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"price-wrapper\">\n\t<span class=\"price\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><bdi><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">\u20ac<\/span>17.50<\/bdi><\/span> <small class=\"woocommerce-price-suffix\">v\u010detn\u011b DPH<\/small><\/span>\n<\/div><div class=\"add-to-cart-button\"><a href=\"\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35806?add-to-cart=34241\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_34241\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"primary is-small mb-0 button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart is-outline\" data-product_id=\"34241\" data-product_sku=\"MNZ205\" aria-label=\"P\u0159idat do ko\u0161\u00edku: \u201cKanuka Balm 13gr.\u201d\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201cKanuka Balm 13gr.\u201d byl p\u0159id\u00e1n do ko\u0161\u00edku\" role=\"button\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">P\u0159idat do ko\u0161\u00edku<\/a><\/div>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_34241\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"product-small col has-hover product type-product post-36173 status-publish instock product_cat-mnz-products has-post-thumbnail taxable shipping-taxable purchasable product-type-simple\">\n\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\n<div class=\"badge-container absolute left top z-1\">\n\n<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"product-small box\">\n\t\t<div class=\"box-image\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-none\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/cs\/product\/manuka-honey-mgo-50-500gr\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/mnz-manuka-honing-mgo-50-500gr.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Manuka med MGO 50+ 500gr.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/mnz-manuka-honing-mgo-50-500gr.webp 500w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/mnz-manuka-honing-mgo-50-500gr-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/mnz-manuka-honing-mgo-50-500gr-80x80.webp 80w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/mnz-manuka-honing-mgo-50-500gr-12x12.webp 12w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/mnz-manuka-honing-mgo-50-500gr-100x100.webp 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small top right show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-icon\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"wishlist-button button is-outline circle icon\" aria-label=\"Seznam p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"icon-heart\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-popup dark\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div\n\tclass=\"yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist add-to-wishlist-36173 yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist--link-style wishlist-fragment on-first-load\"\n\tdata-fragment-ref=\"36173\"\n\tdata-fragment-options=\"{&quot;base_url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;product_id&quot;:36173,&quot;parent_product_id&quot;:0,&quot;product_type&quot;:&quot;simple&quot;,&quot;is_single&quot;:false,&quot;in_default_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_view&quot;:false,&quot;browse_wishlist_text&quot;:&quot;Browse wishlist&quot;,&quot;already_in_wishslist_text&quot;:&quot;The product is already in your wishlist!&quot;,&quot;product_added_text&quot;:&quot;Product added!&quot;,&quot;available_multi_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;disable_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_count&quot;:false,&quot;ajax_loading&quot;:false,&quot;loop_position&quot;:&quot;after_add_to_cart&quot;,&quot;item&quot;:&quot;add_to_wishlist&quot;}\"\n>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small hide-for-small bottom left show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools grid-tools text-center hide-for-small bottom hover-slide-in show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"box-text box-text-products text-center grid-style-2\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper\"><p class=\"name product-title woocommerce-loop-product__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/cs\/product\/manuka-honey-mgo-50-500gr\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">Manuka med MGO 50+ 500gr.<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"price-wrapper\">\n\t<span class=\"price\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><bdi><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">\u20ac<\/span>34.50<\/bdi><\/span> <small class=\"woocommerce-price-suffix\">v\u010detn\u011b DPH<\/small><\/span>\n<\/div><div class=\"add-to-cart-button\"><a href=\"\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35806?add-to-cart=36173\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_36173\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"primary is-small mb-0 button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart is-outline\" data-product_id=\"36173\" data-product_sku=\"MNZ024\" aria-label=\"P\u0159idat do ko\u0161\u00edku: \u201cManuka Honey MGO 50+ 500gr.\u201d\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201cManuka Honey MGO 50+ 500gr.\u201d byl p\u0159id\u00e1n do ko\u0161\u00edku\" role=\"button\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">P\u0159idat do ko\u0161\u00edku<\/a><\/div>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_36173\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"product-small col has-hover product type-product post-496 status-publish instock product_cat-mnz-products has-post-thumbnail taxable shipping-taxable purchasable product-type-simple\">\n\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\n<div class=\"badge-container absolute left top z-1\">\n\n<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"product-small box\">\n\t\t<div class=\"box-image\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-none\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/cs\/product\/mgo-550-manuka-honey-500gr\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz550-500g-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Manuka med MGO 550+ 500gr.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz550-500g-1.webp 500w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz550-500g-1-100x100.webp 100w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz550-500g-1-400x400.webp 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small top right show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-icon\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"wishlist-button button is-outline circle icon\" aria-label=\"Seznam p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"icon-heart\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-popup dark\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div\n\tclass=\"yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist add-to-wishlist-496 yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist--link-style wishlist-fragment on-first-load\"\n\tdata-fragment-ref=\"496\"\n\tdata-fragment-options=\"{&quot;base_url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;product_id&quot;:496,&quot;parent_product_id&quot;:0,&quot;product_type&quot;:&quot;simple&quot;,&quot;is_single&quot;:false,&quot;in_default_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_view&quot;:false,&quot;browse_wishlist_text&quot;:&quot;Browse wishlist&quot;,&quot;already_in_wishslist_text&quot;:&quot;The product is already in your wishlist!&quot;,&quot;product_added_text&quot;:&quot;Product added!&quot;,&quot;available_multi_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;disable_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_count&quot;:false,&quot;ajax_loading&quot;:false,&quot;loop_position&quot;:&quot;after_add_to_cart&quot;,&quot;item&quot;:&quot;add_to_wishlist&quot;}\"\n>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small hide-for-small bottom left show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools grid-tools text-center hide-for-small bottom hover-slide-in show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"box-text box-text-products text-center grid-style-2\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper\"><p class=\"name product-title woocommerce-loop-product__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/cs\/product\/mgo-550-manuka-honey-500gr\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">Manuka med MGO 550+ 500gr.<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"price-wrapper\">\n\t<span class=\"price\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><bdi><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">\u20ac<\/span>125.00<\/bdi><\/span> <small class=\"woocommerce-price-suffix\">v\u010detn\u011b DPH<\/small><\/span>\n<\/div><div class=\"add-to-cart-button\"><a href=\"\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35806?add-to-cart=496\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_496\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"primary is-small mb-0 button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart is-outline\" data-product_id=\"496\" data-product_sku=\"MNZ008\" aria-label=\"P\u0159idat do ko\u0161\u00edku: \u201cManuka Honey MGO 550+ 500gr.\u201d\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201cManuka Honey MGO 550+ 500gr.\u201d byl p\u0159id\u00e1n do ko\u0161\u00edku\" role=\"button\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">P\u0159idat do ko\u0161\u00edku<\/a><\/div>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_496\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-35806","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>C3 &amp; C4 Sugars in Honey \u2013 Authenticity Testing | MNZ\u00ae<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how C3 &amp; C4 sugar analysis detects honey fraud and verifies authenticity. 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