{"id":35806,"date":"2025-09-30T12:34:18","date_gmt":"2025-09-30T11:34:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/?page_id=35806"},"modified":"2026-01-30T15:51:16","modified_gmt":"2026-01-30T14:51:16","slug":"chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/","title":{"rendered":"Kemisk baggrund for C3- og C4-sukker"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"page-header-1853955309\" class=\"page-header-wrapper\">\n  <div class=\"page-title dark divided-title\">\n\n        <div class=\"page-title-bg\">\n      <div class=\"title-bg fill bg-fill\"\n        data-parallax-container=\".page-title\"\n        data-parallax-background\n data-parallax=\"-\">\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"title-overlay fill\"><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"page-title-inner container align-center flex-row medium-flex-wrap\" >\n              <div class=\"title-wrapper is-large flex-col text-left medium-text-center\">\n          <h1 class=\"entry-title mb-0\">\n            Honningsvindel - C3- og C4-sukkerarter i \u00e6gthedstest          <\/h1>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"title-content flex-col flex-right text-right medium-text-center\">\n        <div class=\"title-breadcrumbs pb-half pt-half\"><nav class=\"woocommerce-breadcrumb breadcrumbs\" aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\">Forside<\/nav><\/div>      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n     \n<style>\n#page-header-1853955309 .title-bg {\n  background-image: url(https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/mnz-header-2.jpg);\n}\n<\/style>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"container header-wrapper-divider\"><hr\/><\/div>  <\/div>\n  \n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-1301102043\">\n\n\t<div id=\"col-2065893964\" class=\"col small-12 large-12\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n<p>Honningsvindel, hvor honningprodukter forfalskes eller m\u00e6rkes forkert, er et globalt problem. Det har b\u00e5de \u00f8konomiske konsekvenser og potentielle risici for f\u00f8devarekvaliteten. P\u00e5lidelige autentificeringsmetoder er derfor afg\u00f8rende for at sikre forbrugernes tillid og beskytte fair handelspraksis.<\/p>\n<p>Analysen af C3- og C4-sukker er et vigtigt redskab i den forbindelse. Disse sukkerarter er direkte forbundet med fotosyntesevejen i den plante, de stammer fra. Ved at analysere deres forhold og isotopiske sammens\u00e6tning kan man ikke kun opdage svindel (tils\u00e6tning af sukkersirup), men man kan ogs\u00e5 f\u00e5 oplysninger om <em>botanisk og geografisk oprindelse<\/em> af honning.<\/p>\n<h2>Hvad er C3- og C4-sukker?<\/h2>\n<p>Planter bruger forskellige fotosynteseveje til at omdanne kuldioxid til sukker:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C3-planter (f.eks. sukkerroer, ris, hvede og byg) producerer sukker med en karakteristisk isotopisk profil.<\/li>\n<li>C4-planter (f.eks. sukkerr\u00f8r og majs) f\u00f8lger en anden fotosyntesevej, hvor den f\u00f8rste stabile forbindelse indeholder fire kulstofatomer. Deres sukkerarter er isotopisk forskellige fra C3-planternes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"6\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Karakteristisk<\/th>\n<th>C3-sukkerarter<\/th>\n<th>C4-sukkerarter<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Kildeplanter<\/td>\n<td>Sukkerroer, ris, hvede, byg<\/td>\n<td>Sukkerr\u00f8r, majs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Fotosyntese<\/td>\n<td>C3-vej (3 kulstofatomer)<\/td>\n<td>C4-vej (4 kulstofatomer)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Almindelige forfalskninger<\/td>\n<td>Rissirup, sukkerroesirup<\/td>\n<td>Majssirup (HFCS), sirup af r\u00f8rsukker<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Detektionskompleksitet<\/td>\n<td>Sv\u00e6rere, avancerede metoder p\u00e5kr\u00e6vet<\/td>\n<td>Relativt enkel, p\u00e5lidelig standardmetode<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Testmetoder for \u00e6gthed<\/h2>\n<p>Traditionelle analysemetoder er ofte ikke f\u00f8lsomme nok til at opdage svindel med honning. Specialiserede teknikker anvendes derfor over hele verden:<\/p>\n<h3>C4-sukker: \u00c6gthedstestning ved hj\u00e6lp af AOAC 998.12 (EA-IRMS)<\/h3>\n<p>Den internationalt anerkendte AOAC 998.12-metode bruger <em>Elementaranalyse - isotopforholdsmassespektrometri (EA-IRMS)<\/em>. Denne teknik m\u00e5ler forholdet mellem kulstofisotoper (\u03b4<sup>13<\/sup>C) i honning og sammenligner det med proteinfraktionen. P\u00e5 denne m\u00e5de kan tils\u00e6tninger af sukkerr\u00f8rs- eller majssirup p\u00e5vises. Metoden har v\u00e6ret i brug i mere end 20 \u00e5r, kan p\u00e5vise tils\u00e6tninger helt ned til 1% og betragtes som guldstandarden for p\u00e5visning af C4-sukker.<\/p>\n<h3>C3 sukkerarter: \u00c6gthedsscreening ved hj\u00e6lp af FoodQS LC-HRMS<\/h3>\n<p>C3-sukker er mere komplekst at opdage, fordi deres isotopiske profil er t\u00e6ttere p\u00e5 den naturlige honnings. FoodQS GmbH, eksklusiv partner for MNZ, har derfor udviklet en avanceret metode baseret p\u00e5 <em>LC-HRMS (flydende kromatografi - massespektrometri med h\u00f8j opl\u00f8sning)<\/em>. Denne metode bruger en omfattende database med sirup- og honningpr\u00f8ver til pr\u00e6cist at skelne mellem eksogent (tilsat) C3-sukker og naturlige honningkomponenter.<\/p>\n<p>Systemet kan endda skelne mellem spor af rester fra bi-foder og betydelig forfalskning, hvilket ikke kun giver et \"positivt\/negativt\" resultat, men ogs\u00e5 et kvantitativt sk\u00f8n over m\u00e6ngden af sirup.<\/p>\n<h2>MNZ's tilgang<\/h2>\n<p>MNZ udf\u00f8rer omfattende test for b\u00e5de C3- og C4-sukker i sin Manuka-honning, b\u00e5de i New Zealand og p\u00e5 uafh\u00e6ngige laboratorier i Tyskland. Ud over sukkeranalysen unders\u00f8ges yderligere mark\u00f8rer, herunder pollenanalyse, glyceraldehyd, dihydroxyaceton (DHA) og mikrobielle profiler. Med dette brede s\u00e6t af analyser kan MNZ med sikkerhed garantere \u00e6gtheden og renheden af sin honning.<\/p>\n<p>Denne indsats g\u00e5r ud over laboratorietestning alene: MNZ samarbejder med videnskabelige eksperter, tilsynsmyndigheder og partnere som FoodQS for l\u00f8bende at forbedre metoderne. Gennem strenge indk\u00f8bsprotokoller og b\u00e6redygtig biavlspraksis sikres forsyningsk\u00e6dens integritet.<\/p>\n<h2>Konklusion<\/h2>\n<p>Kombinationen af AOAC 998.12 for C4-sukker og LC-HRMS for C3-sukker udg\u00f8r en st\u00e6rk strategi til at afsl\u00f8re honningbedrageri. Takket v\u00e6re disse metoder, kombineret med yderligere kvalitetskontroller, kan MNZ garantere \u00e6gtheden af sin unikke r\u00e5 Manuka-honning og give forbrugere over hele verden et produkt, der er rent og trov\u00e6rdigt.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n<\/div>\n\t\n  \n    <div class=\"row large-columns-4 medium-columns-3 small-columns-2 row-small slider row-slider slider-nav-reveal slider-nav-push\"  data-flickity-options='{&quot;imagesLoaded&quot;: true, &quot;groupCells&quot;: &quot;100%&quot;, &quot;dragThreshold&quot; : 5, &quot;cellAlign&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,&quot;wrapAround&quot;: true,&quot;prevNextButtons&quot;: true,&quot;percentPosition&quot;: true,&quot;pageDots&quot;: false, &quot;rightToLeft&quot;: false, &quot;autoPlay&quot; : false}' >\n\n  \n\t     <div class=\"product-small col has-hover product type-product post-26902 status-publish first instock product_cat-mnz-products has-post-thumbnail taxable shipping-taxable purchasable product-type-simple\">\n\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\n<div class=\"badge-container absolute left top z-1\">\n\n<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"product-small box\">\n\t\t<div class=\"box-image\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-none\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/product\/toothpaste-manuka-honey\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/manuka-honing-propolis-tandpasta.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Tandpasta med manuka honning, propolis og manukaolie\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/manuka-honing-propolis-tandpasta.webp 500w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/manuka-honing-propolis-tandpasta-100x100.webp 100w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/manuka-honing-propolis-tandpasta-400x400.webp 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small top right show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-icon\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"wishlist-button button is-outline circle icon\" aria-label=\"\u00d8nskeliste\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"icon-heart\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-popup dark\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div\n\tclass=\"yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist add-to-wishlist-26902 yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist--link-style wishlist-fragment on-first-load\"\n\tdata-fragment-ref=\"26902\"\n\tdata-fragment-options=\"{&quot;base_url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;product_id&quot;:26902,&quot;parent_product_id&quot;:0,&quot;product_type&quot;:&quot;simple&quot;,&quot;is_single&quot;:false,&quot;in_default_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_view&quot;:false,&quot;browse_wishlist_text&quot;:&quot;Browse wishlist&quot;,&quot;already_in_wishslist_text&quot;:&quot;The product is already in your wishlist!&quot;,&quot;product_added_text&quot;:&quot;Product added!&quot;,&quot;available_multi_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;disable_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_count&quot;:false,&quot;ajax_loading&quot;:false,&quot;loop_position&quot;:&quot;after_add_to_cart&quot;,&quot;item&quot;:&quot;add_to_wishlist&quot;}\"\n>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small hide-for-small bottom left show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools grid-tools text-center hide-for-small bottom hover-slide-in show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"box-text box-text-products text-center grid-style-2\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper\"><p class=\"name product-title woocommerce-loop-product__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/product\/toothpaste-manuka-honey\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">Tandpasta med manuka honning, propolis og manukaolie<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"price-wrapper\">\n\t<span class=\"price\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><bdi><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">\u20ac<\/span>11.95<\/bdi><\/span> <small class=\"woocommerce-price-suffix\">inkl. moms<\/small><\/span>\n<\/div><div class=\"add-to-cart-button\"><a href=\"\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35806?add-to-cart=26902\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_26902\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"primary is-small mb-0 button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart is-outline\" data-product_id=\"26902\" data-product_sku=\"MNZ201\" aria-label=\"L\u00e6g i kurv: \u201cManuka Honey, Propolis &amp; Manuka Oil Toothpaste\u201d\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201cManuka Honey, Propolis &amp; Manuka Oil Toothpaste\u201d er blevet tilf\u00f8jet til din kurv\" role=\"button\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">Tilf\u00f8j til kurv<\/a><\/div>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_26902\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"product-small col has-hover product type-product post-470 status-publish instock product_cat-mnz-products has-post-thumbnail taxable shipping-taxable purchasable product-type-simple\">\n\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\n<div class=\"badge-container absolute left top z-1\">\n\n<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"product-small box\">\n\t\t<div class=\"box-image\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-none\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/product\/mgo-100-manuka-honey-500gr\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz100-500g-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Manuka Honning MGO 100+ 500gr.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz100-500g-1.webp 500w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz100-500g-1-100x100.webp 100w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz100-500g-1-400x400.webp 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small top right show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-icon\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"wishlist-button button is-outline circle icon\" aria-label=\"\u00d8nskeliste\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"icon-heart\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-popup dark\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div\n\tclass=\"yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist add-to-wishlist-470 yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist--link-style wishlist-fragment on-first-load\"\n\tdata-fragment-ref=\"470\"\n\tdata-fragment-options=\"{&quot;base_url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;product_id&quot;:470,&quot;parent_product_id&quot;:0,&quot;product_type&quot;:&quot;simple&quot;,&quot;is_single&quot;:false,&quot;in_default_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_view&quot;:false,&quot;browse_wishlist_text&quot;:&quot;Browse wishlist&quot;,&quot;already_in_wishslist_text&quot;:&quot;The product is already in your wishlist!&quot;,&quot;product_added_text&quot;:&quot;Product added!&quot;,&quot;available_multi_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;disable_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_count&quot;:false,&quot;ajax_loading&quot;:false,&quot;loop_position&quot;:&quot;after_add_to_cart&quot;,&quot;item&quot;:&quot;add_to_wishlist&quot;}\"\n>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small hide-for-small bottom left show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools grid-tools text-center hide-for-small bottom hover-slide-in show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"box-text box-text-products text-center grid-style-2\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper\"><p class=\"name product-title woocommerce-loop-product__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/product\/mgo-100-manuka-honey-500gr\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">Manuka Honning MGO 100+ 500gr.<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"price-wrapper\">\n\t<span class=\"price\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><bdi><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">\u20ac<\/span>59.00<\/bdi><\/span> <small class=\"woocommerce-price-suffix\">inkl. moms<\/small><\/span>\n<\/div><div class=\"add-to-cart-button\"><a href=\"\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35806?add-to-cart=470\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_470\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"primary is-small mb-0 button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart is-outline\" data-product_id=\"470\" data-product_sku=\"MNZ002\" aria-label=\"L\u00e6g i kurv: \u201cManuka Honey MGO 100+ 500gr.\u201d\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201cManuka Honey MGO 100+ 500gr.\u201d er blevet tilf\u00f8jet til din kurv\" role=\"button\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">Tilf\u00f8j til kurv<\/a><\/div>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_470\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"product-small col has-hover product type-product post-36173 status-publish instock product_cat-mnz-products has-post-thumbnail taxable shipping-taxable purchasable product-type-simple\">\n\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\n<div class=\"badge-container absolute left top z-1\">\n\n<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"product-small box\">\n\t\t<div class=\"box-image\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-none\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/product\/manuka-honey-mgo-50-500gr\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/mnz-manuka-honing-mgo-50-500gr.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Manuka honning MGO 50+ 500gr.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/mnz-manuka-honing-mgo-50-500gr.webp 500w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/mnz-manuka-honing-mgo-50-500gr-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/mnz-manuka-honing-mgo-50-500gr-80x80.webp 80w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/mnz-manuka-honing-mgo-50-500gr-12x12.webp 12w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/mnz-manuka-honing-mgo-50-500gr-100x100.webp 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small top right show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-icon\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"wishlist-button button is-outline circle icon\" aria-label=\"\u00d8nskeliste\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"icon-heart\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-popup dark\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div\n\tclass=\"yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist add-to-wishlist-36173 yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist--link-style wishlist-fragment on-first-load\"\n\tdata-fragment-ref=\"36173\"\n\tdata-fragment-options=\"{&quot;base_url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;product_id&quot;:36173,&quot;parent_product_id&quot;:0,&quot;product_type&quot;:&quot;simple&quot;,&quot;is_single&quot;:false,&quot;in_default_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_view&quot;:false,&quot;browse_wishlist_text&quot;:&quot;Browse wishlist&quot;,&quot;already_in_wishslist_text&quot;:&quot;The product is already in your wishlist!&quot;,&quot;product_added_text&quot;:&quot;Product added!&quot;,&quot;available_multi_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;disable_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_count&quot;:false,&quot;ajax_loading&quot;:false,&quot;loop_position&quot;:&quot;after_add_to_cart&quot;,&quot;item&quot;:&quot;add_to_wishlist&quot;}\"\n>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small hide-for-small bottom left show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools grid-tools text-center hide-for-small bottom hover-slide-in show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"box-text box-text-products text-center grid-style-2\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper\"><p class=\"name product-title woocommerce-loop-product__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/product\/manuka-honey-mgo-50-500gr\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">Manuka honning MGO 50+ 500gr.<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"price-wrapper\">\n\t<span class=\"price\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><bdi><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">\u20ac<\/span>34.50<\/bdi><\/span> <small class=\"woocommerce-price-suffix\">inkl. moms<\/small><\/span>\n<\/div><div class=\"add-to-cart-button\"><a href=\"\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35806?add-to-cart=36173\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_36173\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"primary is-small mb-0 button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart is-outline\" data-product_id=\"36173\" data-product_sku=\"MNZ024\" aria-label=\"L\u00e6g i kurv: \u201cManuka Honey MGO 50+ 500gr.\u201d\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201cManuka Honey MGO 50+ 500gr.\u201d er blevet tilf\u00f8jet til din kurv\" role=\"button\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">Tilf\u00f8j til kurv<\/a><\/div>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_36173\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"product-small col has-hover product type-product post-494 status-publish instock product_cat-mnz-products has-post-thumbnail taxable shipping-taxable purchasable product-type-simple\">\n\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\n<div class=\"badge-container absolute left top z-1\">\n\n<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"product-small box\">\n\t\t<div class=\"box-image\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-none\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/product\/mgo-400-manuka-honey-250gr\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz400-250g-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Manuka Honning MGO 400+ 250gr.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz400-250g-1.webp 500w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz400-250g-1-100x100.webp 100w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz400-250g-1-400x400.webp 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small top right show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-icon\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"wishlist-button button is-outline circle icon\" aria-label=\"\u00d8nskeliste\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"icon-heart\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-popup dark\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div\n\tclass=\"yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist add-to-wishlist-494 yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist--link-style wishlist-fragment on-first-load\"\n\tdata-fragment-ref=\"494\"\n\tdata-fragment-options=\"{&quot;base_url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;product_id&quot;:494,&quot;parent_product_id&quot;:0,&quot;product_type&quot;:&quot;simple&quot;,&quot;is_single&quot;:false,&quot;in_default_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_view&quot;:false,&quot;browse_wishlist_text&quot;:&quot;Browse wishlist&quot;,&quot;already_in_wishslist_text&quot;:&quot;The product is already in your wishlist!&quot;,&quot;product_added_text&quot;:&quot;Product added!&quot;,&quot;available_multi_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;disable_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_count&quot;:false,&quot;ajax_loading&quot;:false,&quot;loop_position&quot;:&quot;after_add_to_cart&quot;,&quot;item&quot;:&quot;add_to_wishlist&quot;}\"\n>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small hide-for-small bottom left show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools grid-tools text-center hide-for-small bottom hover-slide-in show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"box-text box-text-products text-center grid-style-2\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper\"><p class=\"name product-title woocommerce-loop-product__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/product\/mgo-400-manuka-honey-250gr\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">Manuka Honning MGO 400+ 250gr.<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"price-wrapper\">\n\t<span class=\"price\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><bdi><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\">\u20ac<\/span>47.50<\/bdi><\/span> <small class=\"woocommerce-price-suffix\">inkl. moms<\/small><\/span>\n<\/div><div class=\"add-to-cart-button\"><a href=\"\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35806?add-to-cart=494\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_494\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"primary is-small mb-0 button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart is-outline\" data-product_id=\"494\" data-product_sku=\"MNZ005\" aria-label=\"L\u00e6g i kurv: \u201cManuka Honey MGO 400+ 250gr.\u201d\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201cManuka Honey MGO 400+ 250gr.\u201d er blevet tilf\u00f8jet til din kurv\" role=\"button\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">Tilf\u00f8j til kurv<\/a><\/div>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_494\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-35806","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>C3 &amp; C4 Sugars in Honey \u2013 Authenticity Testing | MNZ\u00ae<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how C3 &amp; C4 sugar analysis detects honey fraud and verifies authenticity. Discover MNZ\u2019s advanced LC-HRMS and AOAC methods for pure Manuka honey.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"da_DK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"C3 &amp; C4 Sugars in Honey \u2013 Authenticity Testing | MNZ\u00ae\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Learn how C3 &amp; C4 sugar analysis detects honey fraud and verifies authenticity. Discover MNZ\u2019s advanced LC-HRMS and AOAC methods for pure Manuka honey.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"MNZ - Manuka New Zealand\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-01-30T14:51:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mnz-logo-200x200-1.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\\\/\",\"name\":\"C3 & C4 Sugars in Honey \u2013 Authenticity Testing | MNZ\u00ae\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-09-30T11:34:18+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-30T14:51:16+00:00\",\"description\":\"Learn how C3 & C4 sugar analysis detects honey fraud and verifies authenticity. Discover MNZ\u2019s advanced LC-HRMS and AOAC methods for pure Manuka honey.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"da-DK\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Chemical background of C3 and C4 sugars\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/\",\"name\":\"MNZ - Manuka New Zealand - The Best Raw Manuka Honey\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"da-DK\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"MNZ - Manuka New Zealand - The Best Raw Manuka Honey\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"da-DK\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/11\\\/mnz-logo-200x200-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/11\\\/mnz-logo-200x200-1.png\",\"width\":200,\"height\":200,\"caption\":\"MNZ - Manuka New Zealand - The Best Raw Manuka Honey\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"C3- og C4-sukker i honning - test af \u00e6gthed | MNZ\u00ae.","description":"L\u00e6r, hvordan C3- og C4-sukkeranalyse afsl\u00f8rer honningsvindel og verificerer \u00e6gthed. Oplev MNZ's avancerede LC-HRMS- og AOAC-metoder til ren Manuka-honning.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/","og_locale":"da_DK","og_type":"article","og_title":"C3 & C4 Sugars in Honey \u2013 Authenticity Testing | MNZ\u00ae","og_description":"Learn how C3 & C4 sugar analysis detects honey fraud and verifies authenticity. Discover MNZ\u2019s advanced LC-HRMS and AOAC methods for pure Manuka honey.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/","og_site_name":"MNZ - Manuka New Zealand","article_modified_time":"2026-01-30T14:51:16+00:00","og_image":[{"width":200,"height":200,"url":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mnz-logo-200x200-1.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/","url":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/","name":"C3- og C4-sukker i honning - test af \u00e6gthed | MNZ\u00ae.","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-09-30T11:34:18+00:00","dateModified":"2026-01-30T14:51:16+00:00","description":"L\u00e6r, hvordan C3- og C4-sukkeranalyse afsl\u00f8rer honningsvindel og verificerer \u00e6gthed. Oplev MNZ's avancerede LC-HRMS- og AOAC-metoder til ren Manuka-honning.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"da-DK","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Chemical background of C3 and C4 sugars"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/","name":"MNZ - Manuka New Zealand - Den bedste r\u00e5 manuka honning","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"da-DK"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/#organization","name":"MNZ - Manuka New Zealand - Den bedste r\u00e5 manuka honning","url":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"da-DK","@id":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mnz-logo-200x200-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mnz-logo-200x200-1.png","width":200,"height":200,"caption":"MNZ - Manuka New Zealand - The Best Raw Manuka Honey"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35806","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35806"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35806\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36084,"href":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35806\/revisions\/36084"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/da\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35806"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}