{"id":35806,"date":"2025-09-30T12:34:18","date_gmt":"2025-09-30T11:34:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/?page_id=35806"},"modified":"2026-01-30T15:51:16","modified_gmt":"2026-01-30T14:51:16","slug":"chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/","title":{"rendered":"Chemischer Hintergrund von C3- und C4-Zuckern"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"page-header-1193861917\" class=\"page-header-wrapper\">\n  <div class=\"page-title dark divided-title\">\n\n        <div class=\"page-title-bg\">\n      <div class=\"title-bg fill bg-fill\"\n        data-parallax-container=\".page-title\"\n        data-parallax-background\n data-parallax=\"-\">\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"title-overlay fill\"><\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n    <div class=\"page-title-inner container align-center flex-row medium-flex-wrap\" >\n              <div class=\"title-wrapper is-large flex-col text-left medium-text-center\">\n          <h1 class=\"entry-title mb-0\">\n            Honigbetrug - C3- und C4-Zucker bei der Echtheitspr\u00fcfung          <\/h1>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"title-content flex-col flex-right text-right medium-text-center\">\n        <div class=\"title-breadcrumbs pb-half pt-half\"><nav class=\"woocommerce-breadcrumb breadcrumbs\" aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\">Start<\/nav><\/div>      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n     \n<style>\n#page-header-1193861917 .title-bg {\n  background-image: url(https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/mnz-header-2.jpg);\n}\n<\/style>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"container header-wrapper-divider\"><hr\/><\/div>  <\/div>\n  \n<div class=\"row\"  id=\"row-224256783\">\n\n\t<div id=\"col-1397383377\" class=\"col small-12 large-12\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n<p>Honigbetrug, bei dem Honigprodukte verf\u00e4lscht oder falsch etikettiert werden, ist ein weltweites Problem. Er hat sowohl wirtschaftliche Folgen als auch potenzielle Risiken f\u00fcr die Lebensmittelqualit\u00e4t. Verl\u00e4ssliche Authentifizierungsmethoden sind daher von entscheidender Bedeutung, um das Vertrauen der Verbraucher zu sichern und faire Handelspraktiken zu sch\u00fctzen.<\/p>\n<p>Die Analyse von C3- und C4-Zuckern ist in dieser Hinsicht ein wichtiges Instrument. Diese Zucker sind direkt mit dem Photosyntheseweg der Pflanze verbunden, von der sie stammen. Durch die Analyse ihres Verh\u00e4ltnisses und ihrer Isotopenzusammensetzung l\u00e4sst sich nicht nur Betrug (Zugabe von Zuckersirupen) nachweisen, sondern es lassen sich auch Informationen \u00fcber die <em>botanischer und geografischer Ursprung<\/em> von Honig.<\/p>\n<h2>Was sind C3- und C4-Zucker?<\/h2>\n<p>Pflanzen nutzen verschiedene Photosynthesewege, um Kohlendioxid in Zucker umzuwandeln:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C3-Pflanzen (wie Zuckerr\u00fcben, Reis, Weizen, Gerste) produzieren Zucker mit einem charakteristischen Isotopenprofil.<\/li>\n<li>C4-Pflanzen (wie Zuckerrohr und Mais) folgen einem anderen Photosyntheseweg, bei dem die erste stabile Verbindung vier Kohlenstoffatome enth\u00e4lt. Ihre Zucker sind isotopisch verschieden von denen der C3-Pflanzen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"6\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Charakteristisch<\/th>\n<th>C3-Zucker<\/th>\n<th>C4-Zucker<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Quelle Pflanzen<\/td>\n<td>Zuckerr\u00fcben, Reis, Weizen, Gerste<\/td>\n<td>Zuckerrohr, Mais<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Photosynthese<\/td>\n<td>C3-Pfad (3 Kohlenstoffatome)<\/td>\n<td>C4-Weg (4 Kohlenstoffatome)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00dcbliche Verf\u00e4lschungsmittel<\/td>\n<td>Reissirup, R\u00fcbensirup<\/td>\n<td>Maissirup (HFCS), Rohrzuckersirup<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Komplexit\u00e4t der Erkennung<\/td>\n<td>Schwierigere, fortgeschrittene Methoden erforderlich<\/td>\n<td>Relativ einfaches, zuverl\u00e4ssiges Standardverfahren<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Testmethoden f\u00fcr die Authentizit\u00e4t<\/h2>\n<p>Traditionelle Analysemethoden sind oft nicht empfindlich genug, um Honigbetrug aufzudecken. Daher werden weltweit spezialisierte Techniken eingesetzt:<\/p>\n<h3>C4-Zucker: Echtheitspr\u00fcfung nach AOAC 998.12 (EA-IRMS)<\/h3>\n<p>Die international anerkannte Methode AOAC 998.12 verwendet <em>Elementaranalyse - Isotopenverh\u00e4ltnis-Massenspektrometrie (EA-IRMS)<\/em>. Diese Technik misst das Verh\u00e4ltnis der Kohlenstoffisotope (\u03b4<sup>13<\/sup>C) im Honig und vergleicht ihn mit der Proteinfraktion. Auf diese Weise k\u00f6nnen Zus\u00e4tze von Rohr- oder Maissirup nachgewiesen werden. Die Methode wird seit mehr als 20 Jahren angewandt, kann Zus\u00e4tze bis zu 1% nachweisen und gilt als der Goldstandard f\u00fcr den Nachweis von C4-Zucker.<\/p>\n<h3>C3-Zucker: Echtheitspr\u00fcfung mit FoodQS LC-HRMS<\/h3>\n<p>C3-Zucker sind komplizierter nachzuweisen, da ihr Isotopenprofil n\u00e4her an dem von nat\u00fcrlichem Honig liegt. FoodQS GmbH, exklusiver Partner von MNZ, hat daher eine fortschrittliche Methode entwickelt, die auf <em>LC-HRMS (Fl\u00fcssigchromatographie - Hochaufl\u00f6sende Massenspektrometrie)<\/em>. Diese Methode verwendet eine umfangreiche Datenbank mit Sirup- und Honigproben, um genau zwischen exogenen (zugesetzten) C3-Zuckern und nat\u00fcrlichen Honigkomponenten zu unterscheiden.<\/p>\n<p>Das System kann sogar zwischen Spuren von R\u00fcckst\u00e4nden im Bienenfutter und erheblichen Verf\u00e4lschungen unterscheiden und liefert nicht nur ein \u201cpositives\/negatives\u201d Ergebnis, sondern auch eine quantitative Sch\u00e4tzung der Sirupmenge.<\/p>\n<h2>Der Ansatz von MNZ<\/h2>\n<p>MNZ f\u00fchrt umfangreiche Tests auf C3- und C4-Zucker in seinem Manuka-Honig durch, sowohl in Neuseeland als auch in unabh\u00e4ngigen Labors in Deutschland. Zus\u00e4tzlich zur Zuckeranalyse werden weitere Marker untersucht, darunter Pollenanalysen, Glyceraldehyd, Dihydroxyaceton (DHA) und mikrobielle Profile. Mit diesem breiten Spektrum an Analysen kann MNZ die Echtheit und Reinheit seines Honigs zuverl\u00e4ssig garantieren.<\/p>\n<p>Diese Bem\u00fchungen gehen \u00fcber die reinen Labortests hinaus: MNZ arbeitet mit wissenschaftlichen Experten, Aufsichtsbeh\u00f6rden und Partnern wie FoodQS zusammen, um die Methoden kontinuierlich zu verbessern. Durch strenge Beschaffungsprotokolle und nachhaltige Imkereipraktiken wird die Integrit\u00e4t der Lieferkette gewahrt.<\/p>\n<h2>Fazit<\/h2>\n<p>Die Kombination aus AOAC 998.12 f\u00fcr C4-Zucker und LC-HRMS f\u00fcr C3-Zucker bildet eine leistungsstarke Strategie zur Aufdeckung von Honigbetrug. Dank dieser Methoden in Kombination mit zus\u00e4tzlichen Qualit\u00e4tskontrollen kann MNZ die Echtheit seines einzigartigen rohen Manuka-Honigs garantieren und Verbrauchern weltweit ein reines und vertrauensw\u00fcrdiges Produkt anbieten.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n<\/div>\n\t\n  \n    <div class=\"row large-columns-4 medium-columns-3 small-columns-2 row-small slider row-slider slider-nav-reveal slider-nav-push\"  data-flickity-options='{&quot;imagesLoaded&quot;: true, &quot;groupCells&quot;: &quot;100%&quot;, &quot;dragThreshold&quot; : 5, &quot;cellAlign&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,&quot;wrapAround&quot;: true,&quot;prevNextButtons&quot;: true,&quot;percentPosition&quot;: true,&quot;pageDots&quot;: false, &quot;rightToLeft&quot;: false, &quot;autoPlay&quot; : false}' >\n\n  \n\t     <div class=\"product-small col has-hover product type-product post-497 status-publish first instock product_cat-mnz-products has-post-thumbnail taxable shipping-taxable purchasable product-type-simple\">\n\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\n<div class=\"badge-container absolute left top z-1\">\n\n<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"product-small box\">\n\t\t<div class=\"box-image\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-none\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/product\/mgo-550-manuka-honey\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz550-250g-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Manuka Honig MGO 550+ 250gr.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz550-250g-1.webp 500w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz550-250g-1-100x100.webp 100w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz550-250g-1-400x400.webp 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small top right show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-icon\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"wishlist-button button is-outline circle icon\" aria-label=\"Wunschliste\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"icon-heart\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-popup dark\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div\n\tclass=\"yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist add-to-wishlist-497 yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist--link-style wishlist-fragment on-first-load\"\n\tdata-fragment-ref=\"497\"\n\tdata-fragment-options=\"{&quot;base_url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;product_id&quot;:497,&quot;parent_product_id&quot;:0,&quot;product_type&quot;:&quot;simple&quot;,&quot;is_single&quot;:false,&quot;in_default_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_view&quot;:false,&quot;browse_wishlist_text&quot;:&quot;Browse wishlist&quot;,&quot;already_in_wishslist_text&quot;:&quot;The product is already in your wishlist!&quot;,&quot;product_added_text&quot;:&quot;Product added!&quot;,&quot;available_multi_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;disable_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_count&quot;:false,&quot;ajax_loading&quot;:false,&quot;loop_position&quot;:&quot;after_add_to_cart&quot;,&quot;item&quot;:&quot;add_to_wishlist&quot;}\"\n>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small hide-for-small bottom left show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools grid-tools text-center hide-for-small bottom hover-slide-in show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"box-text box-text-products text-center grid-style-2\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper\"><p class=\"name product-title woocommerce-loop-product__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/product\/mgo-550-manuka-honey\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">Manuka Honig MGO 550+ 250gr.<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"price-wrapper\">\n\t<span class=\"price\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><bdi><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\" translate=\"no\">\u20ac<\/span>64.50<\/bdi><\/span> <small class=\"woocommerce-price-suffix\">inkl. MwSt.<\/small><\/span>\n<\/div><div class=\"add-to-cart-button\"><a href=\"\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35806?add-to-cart=497\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_497\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"primary is-small mb-0 button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart is-outline\" data-product_id=\"497\" data-product_sku=\"MNZ007\" aria-label=\"In den Warenkorb legen: \u201eManuka Honey MGO 550+ 250gr.\u201c\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201eManuka Honey MGO 550+ 250gr.\u201c wurde Ihrem Warenkorb hinzugef\u00fcgt\" role=\"button\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">In den Warenkorb<\/a><\/div>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_497\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"product-small col has-hover product type-product post-496 status-publish instock product_cat-mnz-products has-post-thumbnail taxable shipping-taxable purchasable product-type-simple\">\n\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\n<div class=\"badge-container absolute left top z-1\">\n\n<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"product-small box\">\n\t\t<div class=\"box-image\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-none\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/product\/mgo-550-manuka-honey-500gr\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz550-500g-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Manuka Honig MGO 550+ 500gr.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz550-500g-1.webp 500w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz550-500g-1-100x100.webp 100w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz550-500g-1-400x400.webp 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small top right show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-icon\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"wishlist-button button is-outline circle icon\" aria-label=\"Wunschliste\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"icon-heart\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-popup dark\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div\n\tclass=\"yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist add-to-wishlist-496 yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist--link-style wishlist-fragment on-first-load\"\n\tdata-fragment-ref=\"496\"\n\tdata-fragment-options=\"{&quot;base_url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;product_id&quot;:496,&quot;parent_product_id&quot;:0,&quot;product_type&quot;:&quot;simple&quot;,&quot;is_single&quot;:false,&quot;in_default_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_view&quot;:false,&quot;browse_wishlist_text&quot;:&quot;Browse wishlist&quot;,&quot;already_in_wishslist_text&quot;:&quot;The product is already in your wishlist!&quot;,&quot;product_added_text&quot;:&quot;Product added!&quot;,&quot;available_multi_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;disable_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_count&quot;:false,&quot;ajax_loading&quot;:false,&quot;loop_position&quot;:&quot;after_add_to_cart&quot;,&quot;item&quot;:&quot;add_to_wishlist&quot;}\"\n>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small hide-for-small bottom left show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools grid-tools text-center hide-for-small bottom hover-slide-in show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"box-text box-text-products text-center grid-style-2\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper\"><p class=\"name product-title woocommerce-loop-product__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/product\/mgo-550-manuka-honey-500gr\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">Manuka Honig MGO 550+ 500gr.<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"price-wrapper\">\n\t<span class=\"price\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><bdi><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\" translate=\"no\">\u20ac<\/span>125.00<\/bdi><\/span> <small class=\"woocommerce-price-suffix\">inkl. MwSt.<\/small><\/span>\n<\/div><div class=\"add-to-cart-button\"><a href=\"\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35806?add-to-cart=496\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_496\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"primary is-small mb-0 button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart is-outline\" data-product_id=\"496\" data-product_sku=\"MNZ008\" aria-label=\"In den Warenkorb legen: \u201eManuka Honey MGO 550+ 500gr.\u201c\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201eManuka Honey MGO 550+ 500gr.\u201c wurde Ihrem Warenkorb hinzugef\u00fcgt\" role=\"button\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">In den Warenkorb<\/a><\/div>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_496\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"product-small col has-hover product type-product post-495 status-publish instock product_cat-mnz-products has-post-thumbnail taxable shipping-taxable purchasable product-type-simple\">\n\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\n<div class=\"badge-container absolute left top z-1\">\n\n<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"product-small box\">\n\t\t<div class=\"box-image\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-none\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/product\/mgo-400-manuka-honey-500gr\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz400-500g-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"Manuka Honig MGO 400+ 500gr.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz400-500g-1.webp 500w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz400-500g-1-100x100.webp 100w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz400-500g-1-400x400.webp 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small top right show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-icon\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"wishlist-button button is-outline circle icon\" aria-label=\"Wunschliste\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"icon-heart\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-popup dark\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div\n\tclass=\"yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist add-to-wishlist-495 yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist--link-style wishlist-fragment on-first-load\"\n\tdata-fragment-ref=\"495\"\n\tdata-fragment-options=\"{&quot;base_url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;product_id&quot;:495,&quot;parent_product_id&quot;:0,&quot;product_type&quot;:&quot;simple&quot;,&quot;is_single&quot;:false,&quot;in_default_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_view&quot;:false,&quot;browse_wishlist_text&quot;:&quot;Browse wishlist&quot;,&quot;already_in_wishslist_text&quot;:&quot;The product is already in your wishlist!&quot;,&quot;product_added_text&quot;:&quot;Product added!&quot;,&quot;available_multi_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;disable_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_count&quot;:false,&quot;ajax_loading&quot;:false,&quot;loop_position&quot;:&quot;after_add_to_cart&quot;,&quot;item&quot;:&quot;add_to_wishlist&quot;}\"\n>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small hide-for-small bottom left show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools grid-tools text-center hide-for-small bottom hover-slide-in show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"box-text box-text-products text-center grid-style-2\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper\"><p class=\"name product-title woocommerce-loop-product__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/product\/mgo-400-manuka-honey-500gr\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">Manuka Honig MGO 400+ 500gr.<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"price-wrapper\">\n\t<span class=\"price\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><bdi><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\" translate=\"no\">\u20ac<\/span>90.50<\/bdi><\/span> <small class=\"woocommerce-price-suffix\">inkl. MwSt.<\/small><\/span>\n<\/div><div class=\"add-to-cart-button\"><a href=\"\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35806?add-to-cart=495\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_495\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"primary is-small mb-0 button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart is-outline\" data-product_id=\"495\" data-product_sku=\"MNZ006\" aria-label=\"In den Warenkorb legen: \u201eManuka Honey MGO 400+ 500gr.\u201c\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201eManuka Honey MGO 400+ 500gr.\u201c wurde Ihrem Warenkorb hinzugef\u00fcgt\" role=\"button\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">In den Warenkorb<\/a><\/div>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_495\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"product-small col has-hover product type-product post-33312 status-publish instock product_cat-mnz-products has-post-thumbnail taxable shipping-taxable purchasable product-type-simple\">\n\t<div class=\"col-inner\">\n\t\n<div class=\"badge-container absolute left top z-1\">\n\n<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"product-small box\">\n\t\t<div class=\"box-image\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-none\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/product\/mgo-1000-manuka-honey\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz1000-250g-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-woocommerce_thumbnail size-woocommerce_thumbnail\" alt=\"MGO 1000+ Manuka Honig 250gr.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz1000-250g-1.webp 500w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz1000-250g-1-100x100.webp 100w, https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/manukahoney-mnz1000-250g-1-400x400.webp 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small top right show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-icon\">\n\t\t\t<button class=\"wishlist-button button is-outline circle icon\" aria-label=\"Wunschliste\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"icon-heart\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wishlist-popup dark\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div\n\tclass=\"yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist add-to-wishlist-33312 yith-wcwl-add-to-wishlist--link-style wishlist-fragment on-first-load\"\n\tdata-fragment-ref=\"33312\"\n\tdata-fragment-options=\"{&quot;base_url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;product_id&quot;:33312,&quot;parent_product_id&quot;:0,&quot;product_type&quot;:&quot;simple&quot;,&quot;is_single&quot;:false,&quot;in_default_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_view&quot;:false,&quot;browse_wishlist_text&quot;:&quot;Browse wishlist&quot;,&quot;already_in_wishslist_text&quot;:&quot;The product is already in your wishlist!&quot;,&quot;product_added_text&quot;:&quot;Product added!&quot;,&quot;available_multi_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;disable_wishlist&quot;:false,&quot;show_count&quot;:false,&quot;ajax_loading&quot;:false,&quot;loop_position&quot;:&quot;after_add_to_cart&quot;,&quot;item&quot;:&quot;add_to_wishlist&quot;}\"\n>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools is-small hide-for-small bottom left show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-tools grid-tools text-center hide-for-small bottom hover-slide-in show-on-hover\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"box-text box-text-products text-center grid-style-2\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"title-wrapper\"><p class=\"name product-title woocommerce-loop-product__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/product\/mgo-1000-manuka-honey\/\" class=\"woocommerce-LoopProduct-link woocommerce-loop-product__link\">MGO 1000+ Manuka Honig 250gr.<\/a><\/p><\/div><div class=\"price-wrapper\">\n\t<span class=\"price\"><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-amount amount\"><bdi><span class=\"woocommerce-Price-currencySymbol\" translate=\"no\">\u20ac<\/span>165.00<\/bdi><\/span> <small class=\"woocommerce-price-suffix\">inkl. MwSt.<\/small><\/span>\n<\/div><div class=\"add-to-cart-button\"><a href=\"\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35806?add-to-cart=33312\" aria-describedby=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_33312\" data-quantity=\"1\" class=\"primary is-small mb-0 button product_type_simple add_to_cart_button ajax_add_to_cart is-outline\" data-product_id=\"33312\" data-product_sku=\"MNZ020\" aria-label=\"In den Warenkorb legen: \u201eMGO 1000+ Manuka Honey 250gr.\u201c\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-success_message=\"\u201eMGO 1000+ Manuka Honey 250gr.\u201c wurde Ihrem Warenkorb hinzugef\u00fcgt\" role=\"button\" data-no-translation=\"\" data-trp-gettext=\"\" data-no-translation-aria-label=\"\" data-no-translation-data-success_message=\"\">In den Warenkorb<\/a><\/div>\t<span id=\"woocommerce_loop_add_to_cart_link_describedby_33312\" class=\"screen-reader-text\">\n\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-35806","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>C3 &amp; C4 Sugars in Honey \u2013 Authenticity Testing | MNZ\u00ae<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how C3 &amp; C4 sugar analysis detects honey fraud and verifies authenticity. Discover MNZ\u2019s advanced LC-HRMS and AOAC methods for pure Manuka honey.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"C3 &amp; C4 Sugars in Honey \u2013 Authenticity Testing | MNZ\u00ae\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Learn how C3 &amp; C4 sugar analysis detects honey fraud and verifies authenticity. Discover MNZ\u2019s advanced LC-HRMS and AOAC methods for pure Manuka honey.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"MNZ - Manuka New Zealand\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-01-30T14:51:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mnz-logo-200x200-1.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\\\/\",\"name\":\"C3 & C4 Sugars in Honey \u2013 Authenticity Testing | MNZ\u00ae\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-09-30T11:34:18+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-30T14:51:16+00:00\",\"description\":\"Learn how C3 & C4 sugar analysis detects honey fraud and verifies authenticity. Discover MNZ\u2019s advanced LC-HRMS and AOAC methods for pure Manuka honey.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"de\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Chemical background of C3 and C4 sugars\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/\",\"name\":\"MNZ - Manuka New Zealand - The Best Raw Manuka Honey\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"de\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"MNZ - Manuka New Zealand - The Best Raw Manuka Honey\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"de\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/11\\\/mnz-logo-200x200-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/11\\\/mnz-logo-200x200-1.png\",\"width\":200,\"height\":200,\"caption\":\"MNZ - Manuka New Zealand - The Best Raw Manuka Honey\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"C3- &amp; C4-Zucker in Honig - Echtheitspr\u00fcfung | MNZ\u00ae","description":"Erfahren Sie, wie die C3- und C4-Zuckeranalyse Honigbetrug aufdeckt und die Echtheit verifiziert. Entdecken Sie die fortschrittlichen LC-HRMS- und AOAC-Methoden von MNZ f\u00fcr reinen Manuka-Honig.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/","og_locale":"de_DE","og_type":"article","og_title":"C3 & C4 Sugars in Honey \u2013 Authenticity Testing | MNZ\u00ae","og_description":"Learn how C3 & C4 sugar analysis detects honey fraud and verifies authenticity. Discover MNZ\u2019s advanced LC-HRMS and AOAC methods for pure Manuka honey.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/","og_site_name":"MNZ - Manuka New Zealand","article_modified_time":"2026-01-30T14:51:16+00:00","og_image":[{"width":200,"height":200,"url":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mnz-logo-200x200-1.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/","url":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/","name":"C3- &amp; C4-Zucker in Honig - Echtheitspr\u00fcfung | MNZ\u00ae","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-09-30T11:34:18+00:00","dateModified":"2026-01-30T14:51:16+00:00","description":"Erfahren Sie, wie die C3- und C4-Zuckeranalyse Honigbetrug aufdeckt und die Echtheit verifiziert. Entdecken Sie die fortschrittlichen LC-HRMS- und AOAC-Methoden von MNZ f\u00fcr reinen Manuka-Honig.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"de","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/chemical-background-c3-c4-sugars\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Chemical background of C3 and C4 sugars"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/","name":"MNZ - Manuka New Zealand - Der beste rohe Manuka Honig","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"de"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/#organization","name":"MNZ - Manuka New Zealand - Der beste rohe Manuka Honig","url":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"de","@id":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mnz-logo-200x200-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/mnz-logo-200x200-1.png","width":200,"height":200,"caption":"MNZ - Manuka New Zealand - The Best Raw Manuka Honey"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35806","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35806"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35806\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36084,"href":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35806\/revisions\/36084"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.manukanewzealand.eu\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35806"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}